@stefano I do not think we need a definition of “AI system” to solve the problem here. I think focusing on this concept and how to define it is unnecessarily complicating the task. Where else has the OSI focused on “systems” and the boundaries that are implied by them? Historically the OSI has focused on things that are released. There are two questions: (1) are the terms sufficiently permissive? (2) are you getting enough stuff to exercise the freedoms associated with FOSS. Those questions arise in the machine learning context too. There’s no need to complicate this with definitions of “systems” that appear to be removed from technical reality.